Hello, learner! A greeting is a kind way to begin a meeting. In this guide, you will practise friendly greetings, action words, letter sounds, family words, and short English sentences. Speak each line slowly. You do not need to finish everything at once.
Caregiver: Read one prompt at a time. Let the child listen, point, move, and answer aloud before asking for writing.
This original PrincipalSaab guide follows Chapter 2, Greetings, from NCERT’s Mridang for Class 1. It teaches the chapter’s language skills without reproducing its rhymes, stories, exercise wording, pictures, or answers.
Words to Know
| Word | Simple Meaning | Original Example |
|---|---|---|
| greeting | kind words used when we meet someone | Ria begins with a cheerful greeting. |
| polite | showing care and good manners | Arun waits and speaks in a polite voice. |
| action | something a person or animal does | Wave is an action word. |
| sound | something we can hear | The word fish begins with the /f/ sound. |
| family | people who care for one another | My family eats together. |
| partner | someone who works or plays with you | I practise a conversation with my partner. |
Make four small cards from scrap paper: morning, afternoon, evening, and bedtime. An adult shows one card. Give a suitable greeting, then add the person’s name, such as “Good evening, Dadi.” Take turns for 5-10 minutes.
Your Learning Plan
- Listen to a situation.
- Choose kind words for it.
- Say a complete sentence.
- Move and name the action.
- Finish with sounds, family words, and letters.
Choose a Kind Greeting
We greet people when we meet them. A greeting tells the other person, “I notice you, and I am ready to speak kindly.” You can also smile or wave if that feels comfortable.
The time of day helps you choose some greetings. Say Good morning early in the day, Good afternoon after midday, and Good evening later in the day. Hello and Namaste can be used at many times. Before sleep, Good night is a wish, not usually the start of a long talk.
Use the person’s name when you know it: “Hello, Kabir.” Speak clearly, but do not shout. People use many greetings in different homes and languages. Listen respectfully and never laugh at an unfamiliar greeting.
Situation: Tara meets her teacher at 8 o’clock in the morning.
Model: “Good morning, Ma’am.” The time is morning, so the greeting fits.
Make a Short Conversation
A conversation is a talk between people. One person speaks, the other person listens, and then they change turns. Looking toward the speaker can show attention, but be kind if someone is more comfortable looking slightly away.
A short meeting can follow three steps: greet, ask or answer, and close. For example: “Hello, Mira.” “Hello, Dev.” “How are you?” “I am well, thank you.” Then both may say, “See you later.”
Do not speak over your partner. Wait until the other sentence ends. If you do not hear, say, “Please say that again.” These words are clearer and kinder than pretending to understand.
Situation: Noor meets Jai in the playground after lunch.
Model: Noor: “Good afternoon, Jai.” Jai: “Good afternoon, Noor.” Noor: “Would you like to play?”
Say Action Words
An action word tells what someone or something does. Walk, eat, hear, play, jump, stretch, bend, dance, sleep, and wave are action words. You can often show an action safely with your body.
Make a sentence by joining a person with an action: “I walk.” “She jumps.” “They dance.” Use is when the action is happening now: “He is stretching.” Use are with more than one: “They are walking.”
Daily routines have action words too: wash, brush, open, close, and dry. In a bathroom, an adult may help you name a tap, towel, bucket, mug, mirror, and sink. Close the tap when water is not needed, keep the floor dry, and ask an adult for help if the floor is slippery.
Move in a clear space. Keep both feet on the floor for bending and stretching. Do not climb on furniture or push another person during an action game.
Picture in your mind: Two children move slowly to music.
Model: “They are dancing.” They means more than one, so it goes with are.
Listen for First Sounds
The first sound is the sound we hear at the beginning of a word. Say fish slowly. It begins with /f/. Say gate slowly. It begins with /g/. Your ears help you compare sounds.
Make small sound families. Fan, foot, and fish begin alike. Hat, hand, and hill begin alike. Jug and jam begin alike. Kite and key begin alike. Moon and map begin alike. Nest and nose begin alike.
Some letter names and sounds are different. The letter f is named “ef,” but its usual beginning sound in fan is /f/. Listen to the whole word before choosing. For x, you may hear its sound most clearly at the end of a word such as box.
Words: rose, ring, sun
Model: Sun is different. Rose and ring begin with /r/, while sun begins with /s/.
Use Family Words
Family words help us speak about people who care for us. Mother, father, sister, brother, grandmother, grandfather, aunt, uncle, and cousin are some family words. A family may be small or large, and families do not all look the same.
You may live with one parent, grandparents, other relatives, guardians, or a different caring group. Use the words that fit your own home. Speak about each family with respect.
Add an action to make a sentence: “My uncle cooks.” “My sister reads.” “Grandfather waters a plant.” You can also say how people help one another: “We put our books away together.”
Words: cousin + draw
Model: “My cousin draws a kite.” The sentence names a family member and tells an action.
Write Capital and Small Letters
English letters have capital and small forms. I and i are the same letter in two forms. So are J and j, K and k, and all the way to Z and z. A capital letter usually begins a person’s name and the first word of a sentence.
Watch for letters that can look confusing. Capital I, small l, and the number 1 are not the same. Capital O and the number 0 are not the same. Say the letter name while you write it slowly.
Practise three or four pairs at a time on ruled paper. Leave a small space between pairs: P p, Q q, R r, S s. Check the starting point and direction. A relaxed hand makes writing easier.
Practice Time
Answer aloud first. Then open the model answer and compare.
Practice 1. You meet a neighbour early in the day. What can you say?
Answer: “Good morning.” You may add the neighbour’s name.
Practice 2. Which is usually said before sleep: Good evening or Good night?
Answer: Good night.
Practice 3. Complete: They ___ walking. (is/are)
Answer: They are walking.
Practice 4. Say one safe action word and show it.
Answer: Answers may include wave, walk, bend, stretch, clap, or dance.
Practice 5. Which word begins differently: fan, fish, gate?
Answer: Gate begins differently. Fan and fish begin with /f/.
Practice 6. Which pair shows capital and small forms of one letter: R r or R k?
Answer: R r.
Practice 7. Make a sentence with one family word and one action word.
Answer: One model is: “My aunt sings.” Many other correct sentences are possible.
Practice 8. Your partner is still speaking. What should you do?
Answer: Listen and wait for your turn.
Kaizen step: Use one greeting and one complete English sentence today. Small speaking steps build confidence.
Continue Learning
- Review Two Little Hands Class 1 English notes.
- Build number and comparison language with Lina’s Family Class 1 Mathematics notes.
- Find more subjects on the Class 1 learning hub.